Cancer: A life threatening disease

 In past few years, cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. The reports said, that cancer is the 2nd leading cause of deaths in the World. In year 2020 there are nearly 10 million deaths or 1 in 6 deaths due to cancer.

Each year, approximately 350,000 to 400,000 children are found to be cancerous. The most common cancer can be vary from one country to another. According to the data, the cervical cancer is the most common in 23 countries across the globe. The global cancer burden is expected to be 28.4 million or more in 2040, a distinct rise from 2020.

Cancer

Cancer is a disease in which some of the body cells grow uncontrollably and spread and spread to the other parts of the body.

Cancer is nothing but, it's your body who tries to kill you.

Cancer starts, when cells starts to grow uncontrollably. These cells form a tumor. A tumor cancerous or not. A cancerous tumor malignant, meaning it can grow or spread to other parts of the body.

Some types of cancer do not tumor like leukaemia, most types of lymphoma and myeloma.

4 main types of Cancer

1) Sarcoma: It is the type of cancer that begins in the bone or in the soft tissues of the body. A sarcoma can grow in the nerves, tendons, bone, cartilage, blood vessels, joints etc.

Bone pain, Abdominal pain, and weight loss are  the main symptoms of sarcoma. 

2) Leukaemia: This cancer affects the blood, so it is also called blood cancer. It begins when healthy blood cells change and grow uncontrollably.

In Leukaemia, body produces excessive amount of white blood cells (WBCs), which do not function properly. 

Tiny red spots, in your skin (Petechiae), excessive sweating especially at night, bone pain or tenderness, losing weight without trying, easy bleeding or bruising are the symptoms of leukaemia. 

3) Carcinomas: Carcinomas is cancer that forms in epithelial tissue. It begins in the skin or the tissue that covers the surface of internal organs and glands. Carcinomas form solid tumors. Most cancer affective area is your skin, breast, kidney, liver, lungs, pancreas, prostate gland, head and neck.

Fatigue, persistent cough or trouble breathing, changes in bowel or bladder habits are the symptoms of carcinoma cancer.

4) Lymphoma: Lymphoma cancer starts in your Lymphatic system. It begins in infection fighting cells of the immune system, called lymphocytes, These cells are in the lymphnodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow and other parts of the body. When you have Lymphoma, lymphocytes change and grow out of control.

Itchy skin, night sweats, shortness of breath, painless swelling of lymphnodes in your neck, armpits or groin are the symptoms of Lymphoma cancer.

Causes of cancer 

Cancer arises when the normal body cells turns into tumor cells and stars multiplying in uncontrolled way. 

These changes in cells occurs when their is interaction between a person's genetic factors and categories of external agents, including:

A) Persons interaction with ultraviolet and ionizing radiation. This interaction is called physical carcinogens.

B) Drinking alcohol, consumption of tobacco and cigarettes, eating contaminated food and drinking contaminated water also causes Cancer. This interaction is called chemical carcinogens.

C) At last, biological carcinogenes, it includes infection from certain viruses bacteria or parasites.

Stages of cancer

Stage-1: In stage-1 cancer hasn't spread to lymph nodes or other tissues. Cancer is localised up to a small area.

Stage-1, cancer is also called early stage cancer. It occurs when cancer develops in the body but hasn't spread to distinct regions and has not grown deeply in nearby tissue.

Stage-2: In this stage the cancer has grown but it has not spread in the body. 

In this stage, the cancer may spread to the lymph nodes but not spread to the other parts of the body. In stage-2 cancer the large tumors or cancer cells have grown more deeply in the tissues.

Stage-3: This is the advance stage of Cancer, but not the last stage. In this stage, cancer has grown larger and possibly spread to lymph nodes or tissues.

Stage-3 cancer required expert care. Though some stage-3 cancer can be cured, but they are more likely to come back after going away.

Stage-4: This is also referred as metastatic cancer because the cancer has spread from its origin to the distant part of the body.

This stage may be identified, years after the initial cancer diagnosis or after the primary cancer has been treated or remove.

Cancer treatment

The treatment of cancer can be done by surgery, radiation, medications and other therapies to cure the cancer, shrink the cancer or stop the progression of the cancer.

Many cancer treatments are exists. The treatment is depending up on the patients particular condition. He/She receive one treatment or may receive a combination of treatments.

1) Primary treatment: In primary treatment, the cancer or tumor is completely remove from your body or kill all the cancer cells.

The most common primary treatment for cancer is surgery but, if the cancer is particularly sensitive to radiation therapy or chemotherapy the patient mein receive one of these therapy as the primary treatment.

2) Adjuvant treatment: The objective of this treatment, is to kill any cancer cell that may remains after the primary treatment.

Common Adjuvant therapies include chemotherapy, radiation therapy and hormone therapy.

3) Palliative treatment: This treatment helps to reduce the suffering or relief the symptoms caused by cancer or other life threatening diseases. 

Palliative treatment can be used at the same time as other treatments intended to cure your cancer.

If you like the information please comment and follow me. 

Thank you